Marketing Plan Johnson Johnson - 8449 Words

Marketing Plan: J J DiaperOrganizational OverviewBackground on Johnson JohnsonIn 1886, Robert Johnson joined his two brothers, James and Edward Johnson and went into business in 1886 in New Brunswick, New Jersey with 14 employees. They incorporated as Johnson Johnson (JNJ) in 1887. One of JNJs most well known products was Johnsons Baby Powder, which was originally to sooth skin irritation in 1890. This led to a line of baby products with the marketing slogan, Best for your baby, best for you. Some of JNJs most well known products are Band-aid, Tylenol and the antipsychotic drug, Haldol. JNJ has been a publicly traded company on the New York Stock Exchange since 1944. The companys ticker is JNJ. They boast 72 consecutive years†¦show more content†¦The diaper industry is a new market for JNJ and it will be tough for the company to establish itself in this industry. Having a well established brand helps, however; Huggies and Pampers has dominated this industry for a very long time and breaking into this new territory is going to require a very expensive marketing campaign. OpportunityDisposable diapers make up an industry worth over $19 billion a year worldwide. This new diaper will allow JNJ to tap into this lucrative industry with a distinctive and innovative diaper that has not been developed up until now. This product has the possibility of being a huge success for JNJ and can contribute to the companys financial position. ThreatsSafety concerns are always an issue especially when developing a product used by children. JNJ needs to be prepared for claims associated with misleading advertising, inappropriate use of the product and allergic reactions that some babies may develop. JNJ invests plenty of money on trials and developing their products, however; does not always guaranty that something will not go wrong. Competition is also a major threat for JNJ. Huggies and Pampers have dominated the diaper industry for quite sometime. If this new product establishes a new demand with the customers in this industry it will not take long for these companies to produce and distribute their own versions of these types of diapers. TrendsIn todaysShow MoreRelatedThe Ethics Of Johnson Johnson1416 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Johnson Johnson is considered to be one of America’s most admired companies. They manufacture and sell a broad range of products from shampoo to Band-Aids, to medical devices. They also focus on research and development to help heal diseases and treat illness. The company does not have a mission statement but they do have a Credo. This credo was written by Robert Wood Johnson in 1943. 1 Our Credo: We believe our first responsibilityRead MoreU.s. Food And Drug Administration 20081687 Words   |  7 PagesS. Department of Health and Human Services, updated 2015, viewed 13 January 2016, . Williams, S 2016, Will 2016 Be Johnson Johnson s Best Year Yet? , The Motley Fool 1995 – 2016, Viewed 6 January 2016, . Wordsworth, M 2012, Johnson Johnson to phase out potentially harmful chemicals by 2015 , ABC news, Viewed 30 Dec 2015, . References ABC news 2012, Johnson and Johnson facing massive class action, ABC news, Viewed 30 Dec 2015, Altman, D, Và ¤yrynen, T, Engh, ME, Axelsen, S, FalconerRead MoreWhy Do You Believe So Many Other Employees Participate At Marketing Planning?855 Words   |  4 Pagesemployees participate in marketing planning? Putting together a marketing plan is often labor intensive and essential to the success of the business, subsequently, often many departments will contribute in their field of expertise. For example: You may need a team to do a competitive analysis of similar products, to examine how your product stacks up to others in the marketplace, and there may be a need for test marketing. (Tanner Raymond, 2010,) Similarly, a marketing researcher might be neededRead MoreWhy Do You Believe So Many Other Employees Participate At Marketing Planning?855 Words   |  4 Pagesemployees participate in marketing planning? Putting together a marketing plan is often labor intensive and essential to the success of the business, subsequently, often many departments will contribute in their field of expertise. For example: You may need a team to do a competitive analysis of similar products, to examine how your product stacks up to others in the marketplace, and there may be a need for test marketing. (Tanner Raymond, 2010,) Similarly, a marketing researcher might be neededRead MoreCase Study : Johnson Jiffy Taxi1555 Words   |  7 PagesJohnson Jiffy Taxi Melaneece Johnson MKT 321 December 3, 2015 James Logan Johnson Jiffy Taxi Mission Statement Johnson Jiffy Taxi wants to provide our customers the finest and swiftest transportation service available at a reasonable price, while delivered with a smile. We want to attract and maintain loyal customers. When we fulfill this desire, everything else will fall into place. Our services will exceed the expectations of our customers and do away with competition. TARGET MARKET JohnsonRead MoreOlympics1429 Words   |  6 Pagesmessages that underscore the benefits. Moreover, one or both approaches can be used as part of a persuasive message (N, 2005). Hence, by highlighting the cost effective benefits of sponsorship including increased revenues and sales, and providing marketing support, Cribari convinced companies such as Kraft to participate in the Olympic movement (O’Rourke, 2010). However, organizations impacted by the rising cost of sponsorship and the decline of economic stability in the U.S. may resist and provideRead MoreQuality Control Failures at Johnson Johnson715 Words   |  3 Pagesmanufactured by McNeil Consumer Healthcare, a subsidiary of Johnson Johnson. The product was laced with cyanide. At the time Johnson Johnson claimed no responsibility of the poisoning tablets but it did recall all its products from shelves of drug stores and supermarkets and replaced the capsule drug with tablets. The company came very openly and decla red that they would never sell unsafe products to its customer. Johnson Johnson at the time was praised in the media for the way they handledRead MoreJohnson and Johnson Product Listerine Mouthwash884 Words   |  4 PagesFounded in 1886 by introducing medicinal plasters and antiseptic surgical dressings, Johnson Johnson has grown to be one of the leading health care products company in the world. In its extensive history of over 125 years Johnson Johnson’s product mix vary from pharmaceutical, personal care products, medical devices and diagnostics with the largest being pharmaceuticals. The product I chose to research was Listerine mouthwash. Listerine was first invented as a surgical antiseptic in 1879 andRead MoreGlobal Brand Face-Off1209 Words   |  5 Pageslaunch for Espoir is the mixed reactions to a global campaign. Mazur head of Eastern Europe marketing wasn’t thrilled by the idea at all, while Dubois head of Europe marketing supportive about a global launch surround the upcoming Diana’s she Devils sequel movie seeing as thought rival competitor Revlon used the same strategy in the James Bond film, Die Another Day. Lastly Narayan head of South Asia marketing was willing to give it a shot due to the growth in India that was mentioned with sightingsRead MoreJamba Juice1403 Words   |  6 Pagesand they might not live very long. If I can try to prolong their lifespan I have invested my own time and career goals to be here for them. I have gone to school to learn about the foundation of Marketing so that way I can go into this field and help p eople. There is a possibility to go into the marketing aspect of the pharmaceutical industry so I can target these drugs so consumers will have acknowledgement as to what these drugs are and be able to purchase to help them with their medical symptoms

Cyber Security And Business Organizations - 1517 Words

Cyber Security in Business Organizations Advances in modern day information technology has presented many challenges for business organizations in combating internet cyber attacks. Undoubtedly, cyber security has become one of the biggest concerns of corporations as demand for more transparency in business grows, and e-Commerce and e-Business optimization continues to evolve. Cyber attacks are malicious criminal acts of deception over the internet to infiltrate personal and business information system networks, data, infrastructures, or any mobile computer devices with the intent of stealing information, proprietary intellectual properties or identity theft. From 2013 - 2014, big businesses such as Target, Home Depot, Neiman Marcus, JP†¦show more content†¦The trajectory for 2015 was expected to be 42.8 million cyber attacks, roughly 117,339 occurrences each day. (Bennett, 2014). These are sobering statistics for any corporation aiming to thrive in today’s competitive global marketplace. This case study narrative will focus on cyber security in business organizations. This paper begins by discussing the challenges companies face in protecting organization assets and information. The discussion proceeds to specify the red flags Target overlooked before the 2013 attack, and why these warnings were ignored. This writer will then determine the actions Target took after the breach occurred. Lastly this paper presents reasons why the attack occurred, concluding with this author’s opinion on whether the attack was due to poor infrastructure or inability of management to act accordingly. Challenges Organizations Face Protecting Assets and Information This author begins the case study by looking at several challenges organizations face in protecting organizational assets and information. This writer ascertained in the preceding introductory paragraph that businesses must meet an increasing demand by employees, customers, business stakeholders and shareowners to ma ke their operations more transparent, and better optimize the use of e-Commerce and e-Business capabilities. There is increasing concern by business leaders

Classical Conditioning in My Life Free Essays

I experienced a food aversion when I took an anti-allergy medicine with water. When I was seven, I had an allergy on cats. When the allergy started, I took very nasty and bitter pills with water. We will write a custom essay sample on Classical Conditioning in My Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now In time whenever I drank water without the pills, I felt bitterness in my mouth. I didn’t drink water since then. Only in five years I started to drink water again. At first I felt bitterness in my mouth from the medicine which I took with water together. Therefore my unconditioned stimulus was the medicine, and the unconditioned response was the bitterness. When I didn’t have cats around anymore and stopped to use the medicine, I felt bitterness whenever I drank the water. Therefore my conditioned stimulus was the water while the conditioned response was the bitterness. Adolescent Emotional Experience When I lived in Russia, I often came home from school in a bad mood because I could not get along with my classmates. When I came from school, I tried to relax and either watched the movie or to do other things. Once I tried to relax by listening to the songs. I put my favorite song on and listened. Somehow I started to go over the things that happened at school. I became sad because I realized that I had no friends except for my family. The next few days I spent time listening to that song again. However, now that song made me feel sad. Now I don’t listen to that song because I don’t want to feel sad again. In this case the unconditioned stimulus is the things that happened at school while the unconditioned response is my sadness and loneliness because when I remembered them I felt bad. The conditioned stimulus is the song and the conditioned response is sadness because whenever I listened to that song I became sad. Fear or Phobia My friend is afraid of the large vehicles. When she was a child, she walked with her mother a lot. The park was far away from home, so they had to walk near the road to come there. The big vehicles were noisy. She didn’t like the noise in general. Later she was scared every time the vehicles beeped and started to cry. She was afraid of the loud and quick noises, and she still is. Now she closes her ears every time the noisy vehicle approaches. The unconditioned stimulus is the noise which caused the fear, the unconditioned response. The conditioned stimulus is the big vehicles which later produced the fear, the conditioned response. How to cite Classical Conditioning in My Life, Papers

Sustaining Organizational Performance of Apple Inc †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Sustaining Organizational Performance of Apple Inc. Answer: Introduction Apple is one of the most successful organizations in the area of Information Technology and Mobile Phone industry. It is an American multinational corporation which has started its business operations in the year 1976 with personal computers only. The organization was founded by Mike Markkula, Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak. With the passage of time, Apple has expanded its business operations in offering many products such as hardware, software, digital distribution, consumer electronics and online services (Apple Inc. 2017). This firm used and managed a global supply chain with innovative development in United States. Moreover, it outsourced manufacturing in Asia and product-parts sourced from its suppliers worldwide. This report is prepared to answer the questions given in the case study. The case study shows the global supply chain process of Apple. The below report includes the critical analysis of supply chain challenges which are faced by Apple. There is the discussion about the benefits and limitations of sourcing strategies in context of Apple Organization. Furthermore, it includes the performance objectives which Apples suppliers expected to meet. To become a market leader, Apple needs to focus on its supply chain management and sourcing strategies. The organization should make efforts to deal with the limitations of sourcing strategies so that it can provide the products on time with highest quality components. Critical Analysis of Supply Chain Challenges However, Apple Inc. has managed its global supply chain with creative development in United States and other nations. The organization has adopted various supply chain strategies to deliver its products to final customers. Still, the organization has faced various challenges in the area of global supply chain. The organization should make efforts to overcome these challenges by implementing some effective strategies. One of the major challenges of the organization is the new product development at Apple (Richard, 2014). The development of new series of iPhone seems to be saturated in recent times. The products of Apple are popular for made by assembling several components which are availed from different suppliers. Manufacturing new major product means that there will be need of large number of components for the production. It has made supply chain network of Apple more extensive and management more complex. The given case shows that market research indicated that there were some qu ality defects in suppliers parts of iPhones. This is because Apple has less focus on its research and development division (Marucheck, et al, 2011). Apple has made efforts to add new technology and design in its new version and products. The followers of company are expecting more technology breakthrough in new products. It has affected the sales growth of iPhone and declining rate of products is high. The organization is unable to ensure its production capacity and order volume with the suppliers. In addition to this, the organization has faced the challenges in managing sustainable relationships with new or existing suppliers (Wallace, Hill, 2011). It secures the supply of components to meet the market demand by buying a large volume of parts from its suppliers with the prepayment. It is very difficult for the suppliers to get the orders from other customers. Thus, suppliers have become dependent on the order of Apple to generate more profits (Slack, 2015). With this prepayment, Apples suppliers have higher pressure to provide the components with Just-in-Time production process. They have realized a slim profit from this company so suppliers changed their attitudes. Due to this, some of the suppliers have declined the orders of Apple to manage their independence. Just-in-Time supply chain of Apple placed a burden on the suppliers shoulders (Jacobs, Chase, Lummus, 2014). Delay in the components supply had an adverse impact on the inventory projections of Apple. Moreover, Apple has faced the challenge in maintaining its brand image. The organization has been alleged of cooperating with the factories in its upstream supply chain. Because of its Just-in-Time production, immediate order or changes in requirements, the phone assembler may need their employees to work overtime for fulfilling the needs of Apple (Chamberlain, 2011). The supply chain of Apple is managed in such a way that it led the organization to higher cost of production. The organization is continuously making efforts to minimize the production costs, but it still has higher production cost in comparison to its competing brands such as Samsung, Nokia etc. Apart from above challenges, other challenges are such as organization is very much dependent on logistical services which are offered by outsourced suppliers. There may be possibility that these suppliers can offer the lower quality of materials and products. It relies on its partners to comply with the code of conduct of supp liers (Kozlenkova, et al, 2015). Thus, the organization has to make some improvements in its supply chain so that it can minimize the costs. It needs to review its transportation model and procurement strategy to lower the transportation and order costs. Additionally, Apple may reuse the components in reverse logistic system to minimize the costs. Sourcing Strategies Sourcing strategy is a method of supply chain management which reinforces the way in which data is collected and used so that a company can leverage its buying power to get best values in market. It is a process which enhances and re-evaluates the purchasing activities of an organization. It optimizes the supply base of company, enhances efficiency and reduces the costs. The organization implements sourcing strategies by evaluating patterns of spending, describing needs and aligning the requirements of company with market capabilities. As per the given case, Apple is one of the organizations that have adopted sourcing strategies to enhance its supply chain process (Jia, et al, 2017). These strategies have both benefits and limitations to the company and its supply chain management process. These benefits and limitations of sourcing strategies to Apple are stated below; Benefits In context of sourcing strategies, Steve Jobs stated that it was not due to cheap labor in Asian nations, but these factories can manufacture faster with large scale and flexibility. The organization has various outsourced suppliers. One of the major suppliers of the company is Foxconn. It assisted this organization in manufacturing thousands of iPhones in a day and lowered the labor costs. In addition to this, Apple had various benefits of sourcing strategies for supply chain management. One of the significant benefits is the risk diversification as multiple suppliers assisted the company to react faster to issues and disruptions. By adopting sourcing strategies, the organization was able to increase its production capacity. As per the case, the demand of Apples products is increasing continuously, specifically from India and China (Meeken, 2013). Outsourcing the production from Foxconn assisted Apple in enhancing its capacity quickly to fulfill the demands of iPhones in market. Wit h several suppliers, the organization is able to increase bargaining leverage for maintaining the low costs and profitability. Thus, outsourcing helped the labor specialization and reallocation of the organization with multiple suppliers (Pearce, Robinson, 2011). Limitations Apart from these benefits, Apple Organization has some limitations or disadvantages of these sourcing strategies. In the beginning, the organization has outsourced from a single manufacturer that in turn created a risk to Apple as there may be shortage of specific parts of iPhones. In this way, it will lead to a delay in the manufacturing of the products. Sourcing from all over world can cause a risk of delay without on-time component production. The given case stated that Apple has been adopted outsourcing strategies to lower the cost of production, but it has caused another problem to the company i.e. quality control (Stadtler, 2015). This issue has increased the cost of inspection to Apple Inc. The outsourced suppliers were unable to provide the expected quality in the iPhones. The organization has conducted the audit of its products and found various quality defects in iPhones. In context of Apples outsourcing, it can be stated that outsourcing does not mean that company put all the responsibilities away. Thus, Apple has to take the responsibility and they should conduct regular audit of their suppliers. In this way, the organization has some limitation of sourcing strategies. To deal with these limitations, Apple needs to make investment in research and development division (Babin, Zikmund, 2015). First, it needs to enquire the suppliers and their image and then it should enter in partnership with those suppliers. It will be profitable for the growth and success of Apple Inc. in competitive business environment. Supplier Performance Objectives Suppliers play a significant role in effectiveness and success of supply chain management process of an organization. The suppliers work with an organization by establishing some performance objectives. In general, the suppliers work with the objective to decrease the purchase risks and exploit overall value of purchaser (Vaaland Heide, 2007). It includes analyzing the supplier quality, delivery performance, cost competitiveness and technological capability. Apple Inc. has used effective methods and strategies to attract the suppliers all over the world. At Apple Inc., the suppliers has established some performance objectives and expected to meet them. The major performance objectives of Apples suppliers are such as to minimize the cost of production for the organization, to maintain a better relationship with Apple and provide stable supply, to update the technology and manufacturing process for upgrading the iPhones and to provide better quality on reasonable prices. Suppliers of this company are accountable for quality of their services and supplies (Apple Inc., 2018). To maintain and enhance the higher quality for customers, the suppliers need to focus on effective quality management system. They should be loyal to the company and its production system. In addition to this, the suppliers of Apple are expecting to generate significant profits by supplying the components and other materials to Apples manufacturers. They are aimed to enhance the performance of Apple that assists its suppliers in achieving identification among manufacturers. They are competing on different factors other than price of materials only. As mentioned above, Apple is adopting Just-in-Time system for the production of iPhones so suppliers ensure that they have complete resource and material availability when organization needs. The suppliers at Apple are performing with the objective to increase the business and market share of Apple. They are striving to enhance the operational efficiencies to differentiate Apple from itself from competing brands. In addition to this, they are performing their responsibilities with the objective to offer the materials and components of reasonable prices that is favorable for both Apple and its suppliers itself (Mangan, Lalwan i, Lalwani, 2016). These performance objectives of suppliers are stated in the code of conduct of Apple Inc. The suppliers are making efforts to meet these performance objectives. Meeting these objectives successfully will be very effective and beneficial for the growth and success of Apples business. Conclusion From the above analysis, it can be concluded that Apple Inc. has maintained its top position in Information Technology and mobile phone industry. With the support of suppliers, the organization offers several products like iPad, iPhone, iPod, Apple TV, Smart watch etc. In addition to this, it provides online services like iOS app store, iTunes Store, iCloud, Mac App Store etc. Apple is successfully managing its global supply chain system and manufacturing products by using Just-in-Time process. The above report concludes that this company has faced some challenges under its supply chain process. However, it has faced various challenges but supply chain of Apple is not that much complex. To deal with these challenges, it has adopted sourcing strategies. These strategies are both advantageous and disadvantageous for companys growth and brand image. Apple has to emphasize on its research and development process and make investment in marketing research. To overcome the challenge of new product development, Apple can manage the product in better way and consider the current needs of potential customers by reviewing the old and returned iPhones. It should focus on developing more effective strategies to manage its suppliers and supply chain process. In this way, this organization will be able to manage and improve its supply chain management in global environment. References Apple Inc. (2017). About Apple Inc. Retrieved from https://www.apple.com/in/ on 26 March 2018. Apple Inc. (2018). Supplier Responsibility. Retrieved from https://www.apple.com/in/supplier-responsibility/ on 26 March 2018. Babin, B. J., Zikmund, W. G. (2015).Exploring marketing research. UK. Cengage Learning. Chamberlain, G. (2011). Apple's Chinese workers treated 'inhumanely, like machines. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/apr/30/apple-chinese-workers-treated-inhumanely on 26 March 2018. Jacobs, F. R., Chase, R. B., Lummus, R. R. (2014).Operations and supply chain management(pp. 533-535). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Jia, F., Orzes, G., Sartor, M., Nassimbeni, G. (2017). Global sourcing strategy and structure: towards a conceptual framework.International Journal of Operations Production Management,37(7), 840-864. Kozlenkova, I. V., Hult, G. T. M., Lund, D. J., Mena, J. A., Kekec, P. (2015). The role of marketing channels in supply chain management.Journal of Retailing,91(4), 586-609. Mangan, J., Lalwani, C., Lalwani, C. L. (2016).Global logistics and supply chain management. US. John Wiley Sons. Marucheck, A., Greis, N., Mena, C., Cai, L. (2011). Product safety and security in the global supply chain: Issues, challenges and research opportunities.Journal of Operations Management,29(7-8), 707-720. Meeken, Z. (2013). The Risks and Benefits of Outsourcing Supply Chain Management. Retrieved from https://www.business.org/software/supplier/the-risks-and-benefits-of-outsourcing-supply-chain-management/ on 26 March 2018. Pearce, JA., Robinson, RB. (2011). Strategic management: Formulation, implementation, and control. 12th edn. UK. McGraw Hill Higher Education. Richard. (2014). Apple INC.: Managing a Global Supply Chain. London. Ivey Publishing. Slack, N. (2015).Operations strategy. US. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Stadtler, H. (2015). Supply chain management: An overview. InSupply chain management and advanced planning(pp. 3-28). Berlin. Springer. Vaaland, T. I., Heide, M. (2007). Can the SME survive the supply chain challenges?.Supply chain management: an International Journal,12(1), 20-31. Wallace, W.L., Hill, C.A. (2011). Insights into the Strategic Sourcing Decision: Understanding Buyer-Supplier Relationships. Operations Management Education Review, 5, 69-88.

Social and Cultural Diversity

Ceasar essays

Ceasar essays Yesterday Julius Caesar was assassinated in the Capitol. The assassins are believed to be the senators: Marcus Brutus, Cassius, Casca, Cina, Trebonius, Ligarius, Decius Brutus and Metellus Cimber. According to the speech Marcus Brutus gave to the towns people shortly after the assassination took place, the killing of Caesar was for the good of Rome. Eyewitnesses say that the senator, Casca was the one who struck the first blow and then the others followed. Caesar was stabbed several times. It is believed that Marcus Brutus was the one to strike the final blow. Some say that this was the cruellest blow of all. Mark Antony a great friend of Caesar, was believed to have been distracted by Trebonius while the assassination took place. Caesars wife Calpurnia, who was interviewed shortly after the assassination, said that she begged him not to go to the Capitol because of a terrifying dream she had, had that night. But Decius came for Caesar and convinced him that the dream was just misinterpreted. She also believes that he was misled into believing that he was going to be offered the throne once again. The towns people said that at first it seemed like they had a justified reason for killing Caesar. They said that Marcus Brutus said that he didnt love Caesar any less than any other man, but that he loved Rome more, and that there was the same sword waiting for him if his country desired it. The reaction of the people at first was that of agreement and satisfaction, until they listened to the speech Mark Antony had to give. He mentioned how Caesar never kept the ransom of the wanted men he captured for himself, that it always went to the poor. After he gave the speech he read Caesars will to the people, and when he mentioned that they were the heirs of most his valuable possessions, all of a sudden the people were outraged and thought that Caesar shouldnt have been killed. This sparked an a...

Health and Health Behaviour Workbook Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Health and Health Behaviour Workbook - Essay Example Ethnicity, to a large extent is related to the genetic makeup of individuals. Individuals having identical ethnic origins are likely to possess similar genetic codes and it is for this reason that the pattern of disease in an ethnically similar population is characteristic of that ethnicity. Genetic information to a large extent determines the susceptibility of an ethnic group to certain diseases. The underlying mechanism may relate to over or under-production of certain factors (e.g. proteins or antibodies), absence of formation of certain chemical mediators, defects in immunity resulting in heightened vulnerability to certain infectious agents or anatomical differences arising due to genetic differences. Age is perhaps one of the most well-known factors that influence an individual’s health. Newborns with a naà ¯ve immune system are more prone to infectious disease. As the age advances, the various systems of the body start to function in an improved manner due to continuous development and exposure to external environment. Individuals of young age are less prone to the development of disease; however this is not a rule and it is likely that individuals develop certain conditions which are characteristic of young age, e.g. Acne is more common in the young age than at the extremes of ages. In the terminal part of the age, the waning function of the various systems of the body, render the individuals more prone to the development of disease. Gender has profound impact on the development or aggravation of disease. This complex effect is compounded by genetic factors, ultimately resulting in development of disease due to a complex interplay of the various factors that may include hormonal factors, immune status, dietary factors, ethnicity and various others. Physiological differences are closely related to genetic differences; for this reason the range of diseases that occur due to physiological difference are often closely related to

Relevant Theories of Management and Application Essay

Relevant Theories of Management and Application - Essay Example Each theory offers managers a unique approach for attaining organisational success. This paper attempts to illustrate the characteristics of different organisational theories and how they were successfully applied by various types of organisation. Nature of Scientific Management Increased efficiency of job performance is the goal of scientific management, which is the pioneering organisational theory. This was introduced by Frederick Taylor in 1909 during the beginning of industrial revolution. Taylor recognised that critical to the success of industrial firms is maximising worker productivity while minimising waste. In effect, Taylor promoted the method of standardising the job of each worker. This is done by having the managers analyse the tasks that are essential for increased efficiency and allowing them to create job designs that will maximise the division of labor. Then, the workers are given full layout of the specific tasks that needs to be accomplished (cited in Watson 1995) . Furthermore, scientific management practices also involve strict levels of control. ... In this context, scientific management theory proved significant for effective mass production. However, the scientific management practices of the 19th century in US and UK factories have compromised the morale of many workers. This then resulted to the formation and strengthening of unions in countries. They asserted that such practices, especially in car factories, have reduced their bodies into human machines by utilising them to the full extent and taking away their right to movement (Hollway 1991). Despite the drawbacks of scientific management theory on employee health and morale, one UK firm has successfully adopted scientific management practices. Hans Chains was one of the world’s famous makers of drive chain. While the organisation applied the systematic division of labor to minimise production cost and improve efficiency, it refused to adopt strict scientific management practices which are detrimental to the health of employees. Rather than giving them differential bonuses, the company implemented a policy in 1896 which allowed workers to work with only 48 hours a week. This is based on the premise that worker productivity is maximised if working hours is reduced (Witzel 2009). Moreover, in 1906, Hans Chains established the first personnel department while in 1917; it was the first firm to develop a committee for managing the shop workers. The company experienced massive success in the field by adopting the effective practices of scientific management and avoiding its drawbacks, such as exploiting the strength of workers to maximise profit (Witzel 2009). Moreover, recent research on large US manufacturing firms showed the application of scientific management practices through the extensive effort to minimise production

Mystery Images Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mystery Images - Assignment Example Mystery image three shows some celebration of a kind, maybe during a festive season. It shows some incorporation of a certain dress code during feasting, types of drinks, sitting arrangements, conversation and general pomp. The arrangement is modern though mixed with some traditional outfits like hats. The three images are familiar; they have been seen in most books of history, magazines, journals, television, movies while demonstrating diverse cultures. In fashion shows, for example, mystery image one is widely imitated by fashion designers and models as they compete. Mystery image two is used by architects as they design buildings in trying to combine the traditional and modern technology. The pyramid houses have been taken from the design of building mosques while others resemble the modern church. Mystery image three is copied by film actors and actresses, the hats, veils, and win are used in modern day weddings. Mystery image one can be compared to the picture in the book, Social Psychology, and Human Nature pg 200, fig 1, labeled ‘attitudes versus beliefs’. The chapter is explaining how attitudes are formed and why people have them. The impression shown out here is that specific person in the society are supposed to dress in a certain manner. Mystery image two can be likened with a picture on page 99, in the same book, fig 1 labeled ‘choices and actions’. The chapter explores what human beings do and what it means to them as well as freedom of action. The choice of either traditional or modern building or to merge the two is optional. Mystery image 3 is compared to picture on page 27, fig 1 labeled’ nature and social behavior’. The chapter is examining the interaction between nature and culture. It is also expounding the essential features of human social life as seen in the festivities taking place in the image above. Bartlett is a multiple museum, found in Merrimack Valley, Massachusetts, the U.S.A. it is   a historic house with Amesbury history exhibits, replicas of colonial kitchen and a Victorian parlour, a natural olden times room, a class and a wagon house.  State Hermitage is a museum of arts and culture found in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It has the largest collection of paintings and occupies a large complex of six historic buildings. The museum has also several exhibition centers abroad.  

Algorithm to Enhance Radio Wave Propagation Strength

Algorithm to Enhance Radio Wave Propagation Strength A New Algorithm to Enhance Radio Wave Propagation Strength in Dead Spots for Cellular Mobile WiFi Downloads Using Cloud Networks Signal loss is a major problem for cellular wireless devices, resulting in dropped calls and failure in downloading data. Our research uses a combination of different interaction models to provide an easy interface to replace traditional control methods for maintaining signal levels. The lossy WiFi wave propagation around and within buildings is studied utilizing college buildings at the University of Bridgeport (UB) campus in Bridgeport CT. These buildings serve as good experimental settings because they exemplify typical signal dead spots, locations where little to no WiFi signal is available. In this paper, we investigate path loss propagation inside and outside buildings and we identify and categorize these problems. We then apply our path loss propagation algorithmic models to show that signal strength is significantly improved when compared to existing algorithms. Finally, we show the efficiency of our model and explain the specifics of our algorithm. Cellular Mobile Communication keeps growing so fast on the market worldwide so that they become our everyday companions. Over the last twenty years, globally, Mobile Communication users have raised a specifically rich multimedia service which forces telecommunication vendors as well as the operators to set significant efforts in order to fulfill client’s needs. The use of Wi-Fi for internet is widely increasing especially in mobile devices where Wi-Fi enabled, which gives results in expanding hotspots, and user acceptance also grows. Cisco Visual Networking Index (VNI) presented its research about global mobile data traffic, and VNI research indicated that this traffic will increase 18-fold from 2011 to 2016, and will reach 10.8 exabytes per month. Recent technologists and mobile industries never viewed the roles for Wi-Fi in the new phones networks. The changes in the mobile and the offloading data traffic to Wi-Fi can and it plays the significant role to avoid clogged networ ks are realized by mobile operators [12]. From all these we conclude that the key component of the information security is the data transfer and it’s daily importance in our life. Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) gained high acceleration, the reason of the necessity to pre-evaluate signals that are transmitted under Line-of-Sight (LOS) and /or none (NLOS) radio wave propagation in the indoor environments. These transmissions have main problem which is the difficulty to predict indoor radio wave propagations because of the invisibility between the transmitter and the receiver [15]. Related work Yuko MIURA, et. al. [1] proposed a propagation model which accurately predicts outdoor-to-indoor propagation loss; this model depends on the angle dependency of the losses with the paths that penetrate the indoor area. Radio waves transmitted from the base station first propagate outdoors to the building’s external wall. Next, the radio waves penetrate the structure’s external wall. Last, the penetration waves propagate inside the building for the receiver. Outdoor-to-indoor propagation loss is estimated by predicting the propagation losses of those three parts. The losses of those three propagation processes might be calculated individually, and the path loss between base station and mobile station is usually expressed since the amount of these losses in dB [1]. Greg Durgin et. al. [2] developed measurement-based path loss for propagation prediction; these measurements aided the development of outdoor-to-indoor communication systems for wireless internet access, wirele ss cable distribution, and wireless local loops. Iskandar et. al. [3] evaluated the propagation loss as a function of elevation and azimuth angels, and observed the link budget in the estimation to the required transmitted power at several transmission rates of IMT-2000. Gerd Wà ¶lfle et. al. [4] proposed a new concept called dominant model in which focuses on the dominant paths between transmitter and receiver for the planning of wireless networks. [4] Prepared a comparison between cellular or WLAN in urban considering indoors either direct ray or ray tracing propagation and urban city centers in multi-floor buildings. Oliver Stà ¤bler et. al. [5] presented a deterministic approach for the evaluation of 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks in urban and indoor, beside evaluated the signal levels in the expected MIMO capacity. N. Faruk et. al. [6] conducted measurements at 203.25 MHz and 583.25 MHz frequencies along ten routes in Ilorin City, in order to fit the measured data wi th lognormal propagation loss, [6] used least square regression method, and investigated the behavior of the TV signals in the same environment in building penetration loss across the routes. Thomas Schwengler, et. al. [7] presented propagation at 5.725 GHz – 5.825 GHz within the U.S Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) band. Measured propagation path loss in a residential area at 5.8 GHz. Separated the data sets into line of sight (LOS) and non-line of sight (NLOS), as much as obtained noteworthy results since propagation models were designed for cellular and PCs use at lower frequency and narrow-band channels. Sheryl L. Howard et. al. [8] presented the use of error-control coding (ECC) which used in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in order to determine the energy efficiency of ECC in WSNs. As much as derived an expression for critical distance dCR, where the decoder’s energy consumption per bit equals the transmit energy savings per bit, also showed that in crowded environments and office buildings dCR dropped significantly to 3m or greater at 10 GHz without considering the interference. Alyosha Molnar, et. al. [9] presented 900 MHz, ultra-low power RF transceiver for wireless WSNs, and demonstrated them to communicate over 16 meters through walls at a bit rate of 20 kbps. Jun Wang et. al. [10] used an adaptive back-off strategy to achieve fairly uniform cluster head distribution across the network. References Yuko MIURA, Yasuhiro ODA, and Tokio TAGA, Outdoor-To-Indoor Propagation Modeling with The Identification of Path Passing Through Wall Openings, Wireless Laboratories, NTT DoCoMo, Inc. 3-5 Hikari-no-oka, Yokosuka-shi, Kanagawa, 239-8536, Japan, 0-7803-7589-0/02/$17.00  ©2002 IEEE. Greg Durgin, Theodore S. Rappaport, Hao Xu, Measurements and Models for Radio Path Loss and Penetration Loss In and Around Homes and Trees at 5.85 GHz, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. 46, No. 11, November 1998. Iskandar and Shigeru Shimamoto, Prediction of Propagation Path Loss for Stratospheric Platforms Mobile Communications in Urban Site LOS/NLOS Environment, pp. 5643-5648, 1-4244-0355-3/06/$20.00 (c) 2006 IEEE. Gerd Wà ¶lfle, Renà © Wahl, Pascal Wildbolz, and Philipp Wertz, Dominant Path Prediction Model for Indoor and Urban Scenarios, AWE Communications GmbH, Otto-Lilienthal-Str. 36, 71034 Boeblingen, Germany, www.awe-communications.com. Oliver Stà ¤bler, Reiner Hoppe, Gerd Wà ¶lfle, Thomas Hager, Timm Herrmann, Consideration of MIMO in the Planning of LTE Networks in Urban and Indoor Scenarios, AWE Communications GmbH Otto-Lilienthal-Straße 36, 71034 Bà ¶blingen, Germany. N. Faruk, A. A. Ayeni, Y. A. Adediran, Characterization Of Propagation Path Loss at VHF/UHF Bands for Ilorin City, Nigeria, Nigerian Journal of Technology (NIJOTECH) Vol. 32. No. 2. July 2013, pp. 253-265Copyright © Faculty of Engineering, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, ISSN 1115-8443. www.nijotech.com. Thomas Schwengler, and Mike Gilbert, Propagation Models at 5.8 GHz –Path Loss Building Penetration, U S WEST Advanced Technologies, Boulder, CO 80303. Tel. e-mail respectively: 303-541-6052, [emailprotected] and 303-541-6257, [emailprotected]. Sheryl L. Howard, Christian Schlegel and Kris Iniewski, Error Control Coding in Low-Power Wireless Sensor Networks: When is ECC Energy-Efà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ cient, Dept. of Electrical Computer Engineering University of Alberta Edmonton, AB Canada T6G 2V4 Email: sheryl,schlegel,[emailprotected]. Alyosha Molnar, Benson Lu, Steven Lanzisera, Ben W. Cook and Kristofer S. J. Pister, An Ultra-low Power 900 MHz RF Transceiver for Wireless Sensor Networks, IEEE 2004 CUSTOM INTEGRATED CIRCUITS CONFERENCE, 0-7803-8495-4/04/$20.00 02004 IEEE. Jun Wang, Yong-Tao Cao, Jun-Yuan Xie, CCF and Shi-Fu Chen, Energy Efficient Backoff Hierarchical Clustering Algorithms for Multi-Hop Wireless Sensor Networks, JOURNAL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 26(2): 283{291 Mar. 2011. DOI 10.1007/s11390011-1131-x, 2011 Springer Science +Business Media, LLC Science Press, China. Mar. 2011, Vol.26, No.2.

Essay example --

Jackie Robinson shook Major League Baseball forever by showing the league officials that African Americans could qualify to play in the MLB. He was a strong individual that was able to stand up to intense observation and confrontation. Not to mention he was a tremendous athlete. Did Branch Rickey (Jackie Robinson’s agent) make a good decision in choosing Jackie Robinson? Branch Rickey and Jackie Robinson were two very different people. Jackie Roosevelt Robinson was born on January 31, 1919, in a small town named Cairo, Georgia. He had a mother named Mallie Robinson that single-handedly raised Jackie and his four other siblings1. Jackie Robinson’s father, Jerry Robinson, had abandoned his family when Jackie Robinson was a very young boy. His family had grown up as the only African American family on the block, meaning they encountered prejudiced on a daily basis. This strengthened the family unity and may have been a major reason for Jackie wanting to change segregation laws. At a young age his family moved to Southern California, more specifically to Pasadena, California, a city only about 12 miles from downtown Los Angeles. Once Jackie was there he began to grow a love for sports. He attended John Muir High School and Pasadena Junior College where he excelled in 4 sports, track, football, baseball, and basketball. He was named the regions MVP2 in baseball in 1938. He continued on and attended The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). He was the first person to win varsity letters in 4 sports. He eventually left UCLA before he graduated and went to go play semi-professional football in Hawaii with the Honolulu Bears. His season was cut short when the United States began fighting in World War II. He served in the United... ...ied, his wife created the Jackie Robinson Foundation that helps to give out scholarships and mentoring programs for kids that need it to get into college. It was dedicated to Jackie Robinson’s life and work. If it had not been for Branch Rickey choosing Jackie Robinson there might have never been African Americans playing in professional sports. There would have never been players like Michael Jordan, or Walter Payton, or Willie Mays, or even Lebron James. I think it’s safe to say that Branch Rickey made a fantastic decision in choosing Jackie Robinson to represent African Americans at that time. He was a calm, young, athletic man that changed the way African Americans are looked at. Let me end with a very inspirational quote made by Jackie Robinson that reflects upon how he lived his life. â€Å"A life is not important except in the impact it has on other lives."4

Davis’ argument against slavery causing the civil war Essay

As president of the Confederate States of America, I maintain that slavery was not why the South seceded from the Union. We Southerners seceded because the federal government was becoming increasingly pro-Northern in its views and imposing on our sovereign rights. Slavery was legal, yet the government threatened this institution and paid increasingly less heed to our rights. Just as the United States broke free from a British crown that overstepped its authority, the Confederacy formed to protect itself against an intrusive government under Northern sway. In addition, I am aware that many of our soldiers were not slaveholders; indeed, Southerners did not take up arms in order to defend slavery. Men who loved their homes, valued their freedom, and feared a Northern invasion and imposition on their rights formed the Confederate Army. No Southern soldier took up arms to help a slaveholder; many shouldered arms to fend off invasion by a people whose views opposed ours and who tried to coerce us into compliance with their ideals (Wikipedia). We also seceded because we wished to maintain our prosperity, which is a sacred right of Americans. Our economic and social system is the source of our vast wealth, and the Constitution grants us the right to defend it. The federal government favored Northern industry and legislated against us, which would have reduced us to poverty and placed the South in deep economic crisis. Our soil was becoming depleted and our plantations too numerous to be confined to its existing territory, and the federal government insisted on restricting where we could maintain our system, instead of allowing the people to decide (McPherson 78-116). We were not rebels against the federal government, since there was no concrete law binding us to the Northern states. The United States began as merely an association of sovereign states and the Southern states were not obligated to remain. REFERENCES Anonymous. â€Å"American Civil War. † Wikipedia. 8 November 2005. . Causes of the Civil War. † The American Civil War. 8 November 2005. . McPherson, James. Battle Cry of Freedom. New York: Oxford University Press, 1988.

How to Get Into Stanford (by an Accepted Student)

How to Get Into Stanford (by an Accepted Student) SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Many students want to get into Stanford, one of the most prestigious undergraduate institutions in the United States. While getting into Stanford is very tough, there are definite rules to Stanford admissions. Using these rules to your advantage will greatly increase your chances of getting in. Note: the following advice also works for admissions to UC Berkeley and Cornell. While Cornell University and the University of California at Berkeley are not the same as Stanford, they are both very highly ranked colleges with a slight engineering tilt. Stanford University is one of the most difficult colleges to get into, with a current acceptance rate of only 5.1%. It is consistently ranked in the US News’ top five universities. Stanford is the top choice of many students whose focuses coincide with what Stanford offers (e.g. a West Coast life or a large research institution with a slight engineer tilt). Stanford is also, by far, the top US-News-ranked school west of the Mississippi (the second is Caltech, which attracts a completely different crowd). Stanford follows certain rules when it comes to admissions. And no, these rules are not as simple as â€Å"focus all your time on academics† or â€Å"be as well-rounded as possible.† (In fact, those two phrases are the two biggest myths for admissions to Stanford!) Knowing the rules won’t guarantee you admission, but you’ll have a heck of a better chance than if you’re applying in the dark. I'll go over everything you need to know to get into Stanford, whether you're a humanities or STEM student, and I'll explain which admissions strategies are false and could seriously impact your chances of getting accepted if you follow them. Why Listen to Me? There are lots of writers out there giving admissions advice without any personal experience. Most journalists writing articles on Stanford admissions do a few hours of research on the school (or a few days at most) to meet their article quota. However, I have personally spent weeks, if not months, thinking about Stanford admissions. I must have spent over 100 hours explicitly on Stanford admissions, and I got in: A letter from my admissions officer to me after I was accepted to Stanford discussing the admitted-student weekend details. This letter has been modified to summarize meaning and protect privacy. More than just getting accepted, I actually spent a substantial amount of time thinking about what Stanford was looking for and crafting an application specifically for Stanford. To me, Stanford was one of the top two schools I was interested in, so I took the application very seriously. I actually visited the campus twice before even applying, attended admissions sessions where I asked dozens of questions about what they were looking for, searched online and in bookstores, wrote an entirely separate essay, and had a separate admissions strategy for Stanford alone. I’m not saying this to brag; I’m letting you know that I have some unique qualifications that allow me to help you the most. That I was accepted, and that I spent tremendous energy thinking about Stanford, means that my advice can hopefully help you substantially as you prep for the SAT/ACT and apply to Stanford. Truths and Myths of Stanford Acceptance In this section, I’m going to tell you the critical three truths and two myths you absolutely need to know to get into Stanford.The first ones will be well-known, but the final ones will be uncommon knowledge and will help you get that extra boost! Note: if you’ve readour article on Harvard admissions, I will cover some similar material here. You may want to skim this section, but definitely pay attention to the differences between the application processes ofHarvard and Stanford. Also, pay attention after this section because I will talk about Stanford-specific aspects then! Truth #1: You'll Need Strong Academics The first truth is that Stanford is, first and foremost, an academic institution, so you need to have spectacular academics to get in. The 25th percentile score of admitted students is as high as a 1400 (SAT) or 31 (ACT). This means that the vast majority (75%) of Stanford students get above these scores, and those attending with scores lower than these are superstars who make up for their scores in other ways. If your scores are below those numbers, the most effective thing you can do to raise your chances of admission is studying more for the SAT/ACT sincethe primary reason Stanford will reject you is based on scores alone. The 75th percentile of Stanford scores is 1560 (SAT) or 34 (ACT), so if you are above this, you can presume your test scores are sufficient. Myth #1: All You Need Is Good Grades The first and most naive myth is that Stanford only cares about grades. Like most myths, this one results from taking the truth too far. Many people think that, since Stanford is an academic institution, shouldn’t they just care about academics? After all, if you’re trying out for the football team, they wouldn’t measure your skills in baseball, right? The truth is that Stanford, of course, cares about academics as its core, but it also cares about qualities beyond academics. Stanford is not just taking the people with the highest GPA scores and the highest SAT scores. Truth #2: You Should Excel in Multiple Areas Why isn’t Stanford just looking for students with the highest scores? The first reason is simple numbers - there are just too many students with stellar academics. The average ACT score for a Stanford student is 34 - thus Stanford considers this score or higher stellar. Yet a 34 still puts about 1% of the high school population above you. With 3.3 million high school seniors a year, this is about 33,000 students, many times larger than the roughly 2,100 students Stanford accepts each year. Therefore, top colleges like Stanford need to look beyond academic scores to distinguish between these students. The second reason starts with the understanding that many top colleges, including Stanford, are looking for students who can have a significant and positive impact on the world. Stanford believes that non-academic factors, in addition to top academics, help predict who will have a positive impact in the future. These non-academic factors (known under the umbrella term "extracurriculars") include participation in clubs or sports and dedication to helping others. Therefore, we can replace the first myth with our second truth: top colleges care about more than academics and want to see strengths in many areas, from GPA and SAT/ACT scores to extracurriculars and community service. In reality, the above truth of multi-area admissions is actually well-known to people who have done even a minimal amount of college admissions research. The myth of pure academics is more of a non-myth: it’s a myth that lots of people love to bash, but not many people believe. In fact, over-bashing this first myth leads to the second myth, which is more insidious. Myth #2: You Should Be Well-Rounded This second myth, the biggest and most harmful myth, is that Stanford cares about students being well-rounded in the sense that they should be equally excellent in all areas. This second myth is the most pernicious because so many people believe it, unlike the first myth. From many personal surveys, I have found that even well-researched students and parents fall prey to this myth. In fact, I myself, during my early years of high school, believed in this horrible myth, even though I had already done hundreds of hours of research at that point. Because so many educated people believe it, and because it has the potential to steer you wrong, I personally think this myth is the most damaging. The well-rounded myth goes like this: because Stanford wants you to be well-rounded, it’s best to perform excellently in all areas. You should aim for a high seat in your school orchestra. You should be number one or two in your school debate team. Run for student council and become the treasurer. Get a score in the 95 percentile or higher on your SAT/ACT. Get an A- or higher in all your classes. The mythical implication is that the "Stanford Scorecard" grades you based on your weakest area, so you want to eliminate all weaknesses. Under this myth, you should focus all your time on your weakest area to eliminate it and become as well-rounded as possible. At the end of the day, you end up with a mythical optimal application, one where you’re (nearly) equally great at everything. Unfortunately, college admissions is much like an unstable boat: being too well-rounded will sink you. The truth is that Stanford sees being very well-rounded as too boring. Everyone who is well-rounded looks the same: they’re great (but not earth-shattering) in everything. There is nothing to set you apart. Also, dilly-dallying in a large number of areas will make you look like a dilettante. Truth #3: You Should Have a "Spike" in One Area The third and final truth is that Stanford would much rather see a candidate who is OK at most things but really great in one specific area. That specific area is called your spike, and it can be in almost anything: conducting microbiology research, publishing short stories, starting a small business, etc. Your spike makes you a strong candidate because it's unlikely many other students will have the same spike as you, so it helps set you apart and makes you unique. Admitting lots of students with different spikes allows Stanford to create the diverse campus they desire. Furthermore, Stanford is looking for students who will succeed in the future. In our modern world, specialization is the key to success. Think about it, if you break a bone, you want to see a doctor who's great at resetting bones, right? Not a doctor who's pretty good at setting bones and also pretty good at diagnosing the type of flu you have and pretty good at recommending a diet to keep you healthy. It’s okay to be lopsided- in fact, it’s even desirable! You should aim to develop one area that you’re super strong in. In your spike area, you should definitely aim to be nationally or state ranked, or accomplish a goal that’s rare for a high school student. Think top 100 football player in California or top 1000 math competition student in the USA. Think getting a pilot’s license at age 12. In all other areas it suffices to be 99th or even 90th percentile. A moderately good score in your English class will do. A few dozen hours of volunteering will do. Recap The most naive and prevalent myth is that admissions is all about academics. In reality, selecting only for academics leads to an uninteresting community. Stanford cares about extracurriculars too, and doing well in just one area of school (or even all of school) isn’t enough. Unfortunately, an overly-reactionary response to the above generates the worst myth. Myth #2 is that you should be well-rounded and great (but not necessarily excellent) in every field. In reality, being too well-rounded makes you look exactly the same as others who are well-rounded, and it makes you look like someone without direction. The truth is that you want to be OK in every field but especially stellar in one field in particular. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Hierarchy: Truth #1: Have great academics (including stellar SAT/ACT scores) Myth #1: It’s all about academics Truth #2: Be good at a diverse set of extracurriculars Myth #2: You should be as well-rounded as possible Truth #3: Focus on one area to be extraordinary Truths and Myths of Stanford Admissions How to Apply This Information to You Based on the above information, your first goal is to ensure you are good at academics. Get good grades in school, and make sure you’re at least at the 50th percentile of the SAT/ACT cutoff for the school you are applying to. Even if you are above the 50th percentile, if you haven’t prepped at least few dozen hours yet, you should aim for the 75th percentile to strengthen your application. SAT/ACT prep is always one of the most time efficient ways to raise your chances of admission. After you’re above the 50th percentile cutoff, the next step is to overcome the first myth. Stanford cares about more than academics, and you’ll want to get good extracurriculars and volunteer experience. Once you have a sufficient set of baseline activities, it’s time to overcome the second myth. Stanford is not all about being diversified and well-rounded. You want one area to stand out above and beyond others. Stanford’s Tilt Towards STEM One difference between Stanford (and Cornell and UC Berkeley) and some of the other top 10 colleges is that Stanfordis not a pure liberal arts college. Instead, Stanford is a liberal arts college with a significant STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) tilt. What does that mean? It means that, all else being equal, if your interests are a bit more towards engineering, that will slightly help your admissions chances. For your base diversity of extracurriculars, it helps to leantowards engineering/math. It also helps if yourspike is in engineering/math. All else being equal, if you were a top 100 young writer or a top 100 math competitor, it's somewhat more helpful for admissions to be the latter. Don’t take my word for it. You can Google this yourself. Note how Stanford is in the US News’ top-ranked engineering schools, whereas Harvard and Yale are nowhere near the top 10. Stanford's strength is not just in graduate engineering, but also undergraduate engineering, making it truly stand out. (Most other stellar graduate programs, like my own Harvard Statistics program, have questionable undergrad programs). At Stanford, better professors mean more cutting-edge grad students and teaching assistants for your undergrad courses. Part of it is also a self-fulfilling prophecy: because good engineering-type undergrads come here, it becomes a good place for similarly interested students. Note, however, that I said Stanford has a STEM tilt. It is, by far, not a STEM-only school, which places like MIT, Caltech, and Carnegie Mellon are a lot more like. This means that, unlike pure engineering schools, math and math extracurriculars are NOT the only things that matter. These next two sections will give you advice based on which subjects you plan to study in college. If you're less into STEM, read the next section, but if you're already focusing on a STEM area and plan on continuing to do so, skip down two sections for guidelines for your situation. Guide for Students Less Interested in STEM Areas Do you plan on majoring in a humanities or similar subject? Then this section is for you! Just because Stanford tilts toward engineering does not mean that the only way to get into Stanford is to be an engineer. You don't even need to be interested in engineering in general. Stanford is not MIT or Caltech. Stanford is incredibly strong in say, economics and literature, as well. Your application can be completely bereft of engineering aspirations, and you can still do well.In fact, I am quite sure that any humanities-heavy application that would have done well at Harvard, Yale or Princeton will do equally well, if not better, at Stanford. However, you should not forget the fact that Stanford still likes baseline diversity. Your spike doesn't need to be related to STEM, but you should still be strong in quantitative subjects. Even if your subject of interest is Prussian history, you should be cautious about getting a B in AP Calculus AB, taking the easiest math classes, or getting as â€Å"low† as a 650 on the Math SAT section. Since Stanford has a very large number of applicants, they have enough humanities-spike applicants who can, at least, get the basic A or A- in the hardest math and science classes. You should take care to put enough effort into these subjects that you don’t drop into the middle of the pack. Stanford doesn’t take the excuse â€Å"I’m just not a math person† (and, in fact, they’re probably against the culture that makes such a phrase commonly acceptable in the first place). What’s a good enough baseline in math? I’d say something in the 720-800 range in the SAT Math section or 32-36 on ACT Math will do. The SAT/ACT is not competitive math - doing well on it doesn’t signal you’re nationally ranked in math. In fact, the SAT/ACT Math sections are only designed to test the most basic common denominator areas covered in high school math classes across the United States. Thus, scoring substantially below a perfect score on the SAT/ACT does actually signal to Stanford a lack of understanding of some rather standard areas of math. Once you get below a 700 (SAT Math) or 30 (ACT Math), Stanford will realize that you don’t have a full command of standard concepts like factorizing variables or applying the Pythagorean theorem. The good news is that you can actually improve quickly and consistently to the 700+ level on the SAT. All it requires is mastering baseline content of math and understanding the highest-gain SAT math strategies (like a slight amount of question skipping and practice). You can study on your ownby reviewing and mastering math content first while focusing lightly on math strategy. If you are studying with PrepScholar, we will automatically detect your situation and give you the right study material for this improvement. Students whose forte isn’t engineering should realize that Stanford is very welcoming of interdisciplinary study. Stanford would love to see an applicant talk, not just about the humanities, but how your expertise in the humanities uses areas like computer science or math to help refine your analysis. If you are truly interested, it will help your application if you mention an aspiration to use some amount of engineering in your future studies. For example, if you are into religious studies, with a focus on the Old Testament, you mighttalk about how you’re interested in using statistical analysis to refine the documentary hypothesis. As for your spike, since your natural strength is outside of STEM, I would not go for a STEM-type spike. Usually, spikes are much easier if done in a field with natural talent, that you naturally enjoy. A STEM spike wouldmake much less sense for you, not to mention it would be a lot less pleasant to accomplish. You should consider competitions for speech, debate, writing, essays, and so forth.For example, for enthusiasts in debate-type activities, there’s Model UN, Junior State of America, governor’s school, mock-trial, and nationwide debate. Competitions provide a direct way for admissions officers to see how good you are, but you can also do other tasks that qualitatively seem similarly accomplished. For example, if you start a theaterclub that has a huge number of audience members, or do journal-quality academic research into Victorian English literature, you will be well positioned for your spike. To find out more, you can see this article on spikes (search for â€Å"Step 1† to get directly to brainstorming!) Guide for Students Strong in STEM If your strong point is actually quantitative, then that’s a great advantage. After all, Stanford is engineering tilted. Even more to your advantage, I personally got into Stanford using this path, so I will have much more refined strategies for you than usual, including naming specific programs to try. Ensure Academic Excellence in STEM Fields Since you consider yourself a strong STEM candidate, at your core, it’s important to be absolutely stellar in the STEM fields - that means all A/A+ on your courses, with only the very occasional A- sprinkled in. Make sure you are taking the most difficult STEM courses offered by your school. That means taking APs when they are available and, within APs, choosing the harder option (Calculus BC instead of AB). For the AP exams, make sure you get a 5 as much as possible in these fields. If you’re naturally talented at STEM and take the hardest courses, there’s a high probability you’ll get great grades. However, you want to turn that high probability into a certainty. The biggest reason for naturally talented STEM students to do mediocre in STEM courses is lack of diligence. Many students naturally talented at STEM want to focus on only what they’re interested in at the moment. It’s important to see the benefits to your STEM education that would be possible if you got into Stanford and convince yourself it is worthwhile to put in the grind that sometimes is necessary to get good grades in school. To illustrate, let me tell you the real story of a high school classmate of mine. Let's call him Kevin. Kevin was intensely bright, would score at the top of intelligence tests, and was into battle bots. He would literally put all his time into building these robots, skipping English classes, Physics classes, and even sleep to spendtime onhis intense interest. Inthe end, he earned D’s in English and C’s in Physics (which he was otherwise great in). Sadly, when it came to admissions time, Kevin wasn’t able to get into any college ranked top 50. With his intelligence, he could have easily swept the US News top 50 if he had put even a modicum of diligence into schoolwork. Okay, so now you’ve got your 5 in AP Calc BC and your A’s in math, science, and technology classes. What’s next? Ensure a Good Academic Baseline Outside of STEM The next step is to make sure that your academics outside of STEM meet at least some baseline of quality. This doesn’t mean that you have to be great in the humanities, but it does mean that you’ll want to keep the B’s in the humanities to a minimum. You don’t need to take any AP humanities classes (after all, I didn’t), but taking them and getting a 4 or 5 on the AP tests and an A/A- in the class will benefit you. Standardized tests like the ACT/SAT are a great way to show well-roundedness. They are difficult enough that getting a sufficiently high score signals you’re in the 95% percentile or above in all the US - certainly enough to qualify as well-rounded. However, the ACT/SAT isn’t specialized enough to be your spike. If you’re a little weaker on the humanities side, again, shoring up your SAT/ACT score is the fastest, most effective way to improve. You’ll want to target an SAT score of above 650 (higher is better) or an ACT score of 28 or above. I firmly believe that being great quantitatively correlates with being smart in general. You can definitely get this score if you put your mind to it. (The only caveat is that you need to be reasonably fluent in English; if you are not a native speaker and aren’t fluent, I suggest you make this a priority, probably through immersion in an English-speaking culture.) Your test prep strategy will be centered around the fact that the SAT/ACT is an analytical test. The same skills you used to become good in quantitative subjects will be useful in mastering these tests. Since you’re only targeting a 650 (or 28) or above on these sections, you don’t need to stress as much about the last few problems and being careless. You do need to memorize all the most common grammar rules and learn how to identify and skip the most difficult problems. You can do this yourself, or you can use our program, PrepScholar Online Prep, to automatically identify these weaknesses and fix them. Include Well-Rounded Extracurriculars Round out your application with some lower-hanging fruit if possible. Get to a leadership position in some club that requires public speaking - whether that be debate, Model UN, Junior Statesmen of America (JSA), or something else. Many areas of politics and law are surprisingly close to the logical systems that you’re used to in STEM. Consider joining a sport - many JV teams are not incredibly competitive. Also, play to your strengths - if you’re more dexterous than strong, choose squash, for example. If you’re fast and have good hand-eye coordination, consider baseball. Sports teams will take up a ton of time though, so make sure you’re well positioned and can handle the time commitment. We have a guide that lists hundreds of extracurriculars, and you can use this list to brainstorm how you’ll build a well-diversified base. Remember, for your diverse activities, you don’t need to be great at them. Participation matters, getting small prizes like being treasurer or best debater matters. Focus On Your Spike Now that you’ve achieved good SAT/ACT scores and have a well-rounded base of activities, it’s time to build up that final factor that will get you in - your spike! This is where you really get to show off your STEM skills. When it comes to spikes, the name of the game is to be highly-ranked in recognized fields. One of the most natural environments to be ranked in is a competition. Now, naturally, the more recognized the competition, the better. As you might imagine, the most well-known, difficult, and participant-heavy competitions are the most prestigious. It’s better to rank in the top 1000 of one of the most prestigious competitions than it is to rank in the top 100 of a competition of middling prestige. Therefore, you should aim for the highest prestige competition you can do well in. You should consider competitions from highest prestige down in that order whenever possible. Here’s how to start. Want to build the best possible college application? We can help. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. We combine world-class admissions counselors with our data-driven, proprietary admissions strategies. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. We know what kinds of students colleges want to admit. We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. The Two Biggest STEM Spikes When it comes to prestigious STEM competitions, two of them take the day: the US Math Olympiad (I’ll call it the USAMO series here), and the Intel Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF). These are two competitions everyone should consider. The USAMO Series The USAMO series is much more centered around pure math and solving problems relatively quickly (think a few minutes to an hour in a timed environment). If you want to get a taste of what an easy problem looks like in the USAMO series, just look at the hardest problems in the SAT/ACT Math section, or the hardest problems on the SAT Math II Subject test. (The hardest problems are usually the last ones.) The ISEF is more about tinkering around, spending days and months doing research similar to university academics, and then presenting your results.ISEF is closer to working on a hobby or personal project for a long time. Here's a sample AMC 12 Problem. If you can get this, you may be a good candidate for a math competition. Three real numbers in the interval [0,1] are chosen independently and at random. What is the probability that the chosen numbers are the side lengths of a triangle with positive area? A)â…™ B) â…“ C)  ½ D) â…” E) â…š To see the answer and a full explanation, go here. If you consider yourself good at math, you should seriously consider the USAMO series (more unofficial info here)- it can really be your spike. The USAMO series is so prestigious that I have known Stanford students whose main spike was placing just within the top 1000 or 2000 in the USAMO series. Why is the USAMO so prestigious? It’s the oldest of the high school subject Olympiads, and it was the subject of Cold War tensions between the US and USSR in the old days. Most importantly, hundreds of thousands of the most mathematically strong students take it, making a top ranking really matter. The best way to sign up is to ask your high school math teacher, and if your high school doesn’t do it, you should aggressively petition them to do it or search for a neighboring high school who will accept you as a guest. A good rule of thumb for whether this spike is for you is ifyour SAT Math score is 760 or above (or your ACT Math score is 35 or above) and your SAT Math II Subject Score is 720 or above. If you don’t meet these thresholds, I would think very hard before making the USAMO series your spike - the USAMO series, after all, is just a much harder version of these tests, in nearly the exact same format. Further, a college applicant who has competitive USAMO series scores but questionable standardized test math scores sends very mixed signals that will diminish the USAMO series accomplishments. Conversely, if you are above the SAT/ACT threshold, you definitely will benefit from taking the USAMO series, even if it isn’t your spike. This is because, if you're above the stated SAT/ACT thresholds, your exam score is not showing your true skill. Your true skill is literally off the SAT/ACT charts; you need to upgrade to the USAMO series to show off all your math skills, even if you don’t perform amazingly. To recap, go into the USAMO series if you do well on math tests like the SAT Math. The USAMO series will be a definite spike for you if you make it into the top 1000-2000 rankings. The best resource to train for the USAMO series is The Art of Problem Solving. If you’re good at tests and competitions, but not math, the rest of this section is for you. Intel ISEF There are also many students who are strong in STEM but aren't at their best when solving timed problems. Some students get anxious from the pressure while others just don’t do well on tests, even if they’re brilliant at STEM. These students might be found writing their own computer program for months at a time or working on a science experiment for weeks. If this sounds like you, the prestigious competition you should consider is the Intel ISEF. Like most science fairs, the ISEF requires you to do research and then present it in a competition. Unlike most science fairs though, the ISEF is the premier science fair across the entire United States. While winning your high school’s local science fair is like winning a 100-meter dash in your town, winning the ISEF is like winning the 100-meter dash in the Olympics. You can’t apply directly to the ISEF. Instead, you have to start out first in a regional science fair, and, if you do well at that, you can advance into the next ISEF rounds. You can read about their judging criteria hereand about a real winner’s experiences here. Some of the key factors to winning include being innovative and original. You have to be rigorous, but not nearly to the degree of professional science research. Being interesting is the name of the ISEF game. What does awinning ISEF project look like?Here’s an excerpt from a press release ona recent winner: Raymond Wang, 17, of Canada, was awarded first place for engineering a new air inlet system for airplane cabins to improve air quality and curb disease transmission at this year’s Intel International Science and Engineering Fair, a program of Society for Science the Public. Wang’s system improves the availability of fresh air in the cabin by more than 190 percent while reducing pathogen inhalation concentrations by up to 55 times compared to conventional designs, and can be easily and economically incorporated in existing airplanes. Wang received the Gordon E. Moore Award of US$75,000, named in honor of the Intel co-founder and fellow scientist. Watch the incredible video here! To showoriginality for the ISEF, it matters that you tackle a problem that is interesting to the scientific community. Since few high school students have a good overview of the academic science literature, it is important for any student to have a professional academic scientist or engineer be their mentor. This will ensure that you work on a problem the field considers important. Also, good mentors with previous experience will know which problems can be done by students and which would be too complicated or time-consuming. After you choose your field and mentor, having the tenacity and focus to put your creative thinking towards the problem is key. Students who have historically had a lot of trouble stayingfocused or finishing projects should be wary. To get started, you can sign up for the ISEF here. With the USAMO, doing well on SAT Math is a good predictor of performance; being fast and being good on tests is important. With the ISEF, tenacity and the ability to stick with a project for hundreds or even thousands of hours from start to finish is important. Ranking in the top hundred for ISEF qualifies that as a spike for you. Other Options for Spikes Beyond the top two STEM competitions above, the number of competitions begins to increase dramatically. In the sciences, you have the Physics, Chemistry, Biology, and Informatics (Computer Science) Olympiads. These competitions require you to work with logic very intelligently, and all require memorizing and being familiar with some facts. I’ll eventually have another article on these series (I personally participated in each one while in high school), but for now here’s a quick overview. Math Olympiad is special because it’s the most competitive, with the highest number of people taking the first round. Because so many people prep for the Math Olympiad, the field has changed so that a good part of doing well on it is having tons of practice, so you know immediately which equations you need to pull out when you see a particular mathematical expression. Biology requires the most memorization. In fact, most of the beginning rounds are all about recalling the text of Campbell Biology in a timed fashion. Chemistry is a happy mixture ofusing logic to solve problems and memorizing a moderate list of information to help solve those problems. The hands-on portion of Chemistry and Biology require you to be good at following memorized procedures. On the other hand, Physics and Informatics have a lot of hands-on sections that really require resourcefulness and novel problem solving. In these other competitions, I would say qualifying for the top 20-40 makes the competitio n a spike for you in the eyes of Stanford. Further, not all spikes need to be in explicitly ranked fields. You could discover a new protein with significance to medical research. There wouldn’t necessarily be a competition for the discovery, but if the discovery is qualitatively stunning enough, it can count. For Stanford’s spike, you can brainstorm an amazing discovery: perhaps a biological process, an electrical engineering discovery, or something else. You can also build something new: whether it’s an awesome computer program, a cool robot, or a fun electronics project. You should make sure that the project is impressive though. For example, make sure that qualitatively the project would feel â€Å"as good or better† as ranking 1000 or better on the Math Olympiad. Stanford is all about engineering, and they would love to see you build something of your own. There are many other competitions and ways to show off your special skill within the STEM fields. Generally, beyond the top few listed above, you can also brainstorm your own fields. Once you have a competition or field in mind, it’s useful to evaluate how prestigious it is. Remember, the less prestigious a field, the higher you have to rank to be afforded the same credit. To estimate prestige, first look at how many people participate - the more people who participate, the more prestigious. Second, look at the skills of the average participant: the more skilled people coming in, the more prestigious it is. Using this method, you can find spikes outside of the set ones above. Conclusion Stanford is one of the most difficult universities to get into, as are UC Berkeley and Cornell. However, all of them follow the same pattern of being a highly-ranked school with a slight engineering tilt, and all have a common admissions pattern. Because these schools are highly-ranked, it’s critical to keep in mind the three truths: 1) you need high baseline academics, SATs above 600 and ideally 750 in each section; 2) you need to have a diverse set of extracurriculars that you’re decent at; and 3) you need to have one â€Å"spike† area where you’re ranked top 100-1000. Dispel these two myths: 1) Stanford admissions is all about academics; and 2) Stanford wants you to be as evenly well-rounded as possible. Keep in mind that Stanford has a STEM (engineering) tilt. This means that, if your focus is outside STEM, you should be the best you can be in that area and, if appropriate, tie your work into potential interdisciplinary work with STEM. If you are in STEM, you’ll want to strongly consider pursuing success in a competition to show off the degree of your skill. What's Next? Strong standardized test scores are an important part of your Stanford application. Want more tips for test prep?We have lots of guides for SAT prep and ACT prep! Aiming for a top score?Learn how to perfect your score on the SAT or ACT! Do you already have great extracurriculars?Check out ourcollege admissions and test prepguide designed specially for students like you!

Franciso De Zurbaran Essays - Annunciation In Christian Art

Franciso De Zurbaran Essays - Annunciation In Christian Art Franciso De Zurbaran The Annunciation: A Painting by Francisco de Zurbaran Works of art can best be appreciated when the elements of design, the principles of design, and the iconography of the work are observed and understood. The Annunciation, a painting by the Spanish artist Francisco de Zurbaran, is a work of art that incorporates both the elements and principles of design. The iconography of the painting is of great importance as well as its aesthetic quality. The ability to create a picture of The Annunciation in ones mind is a key factor in understanding the analysis of the work. Francisco de Zurbaran approaches the painting with a naturalistic style. The painting features a room in which a woman like angel is seen at the left kneeling on the ground before the Virgin Mary. The figure of Mary is placed between a chair and a small wooden table draped with a green cloth. Mary disregards an open Bible on the table, as she appears solemn while staring at the floor. Floating above the two main figures in the upper left side of the painting are cherubs resting on a bed of clouds. They happily gaze down at Mary with eyes from Heaven. The Annunciation uses elements of design to create a visually pleasing picture. The visual elements consist of light, color, texture, shape, and line. The use of light is one of the most evident elements in this painting. The source of light is not directly visible in the painting, but appears as a radiant angelic host floating above the two main figures. Light emphasizes the fair skin of the Angel and Mary as they both look down towards a shadowy floor. Light also reflects the open Bible on the table suggesting emphasis on the holiness of Mary. The rest of the room remains eerily dark and dull. Color is used to draw attention to important characters and objects in the painting. The red of Marys shirt emphasizes her place as the main figure. A bright, yellow cloud floating above the room symbolizes the joy of the angelic figures. De Zurbaran uses warm colors in the foreground. The room, used as the background for the scene, is painted in dark colors utilizing different hues of gray and brown. An observer can also obtain a sense of texture in this painting. The Angel appears to have feathery wings, smooth skin, and soft hair. Drapes that hang above Mary have a full and defined feel to them. The green tablecloth on the small table in front of Mary has an implied silky texture. The cloud by the cherubs has a soft, pillow like appearance. The prevalence of texture supports De Zurbaran s use of realism in this painting. Comprehension of the principles of design used in The Annunciation allows a greater appreciation for the painting. The five principles of design include balance, emphasis and focal point, unity and variety, proportion and scale, and rhythm. Balance and emphasis and focal point are the predominant principles used by Francisco de Zurbaran. The painting appears asymmetrically balanced, which means that the two sides of the picture are not exact likenesses but seem to balance due to similar visual weight. The Angel on the left and Mary on the right are similar in size. Both figures face towards the center of the picture but are separated by a raised step that Mary is kneeling on. The reddish pink colored curtain hanging on the right side balances the cloud on the left side. A green scarf worn by the Angel and the green tablecloth also provide similar visual weight. An open door in the background at the center of the room seems to create an invisible line down the center of the painting. De Zurbaran s use of focal point and emphasis is easily identified in this painting. The main focal point is the two figures, the Virgin Mary and the Angel. This emphasis is created through the use of light. The secondary focal point is the angelic figures on the cloud above the Angel and Mary. The brightness of the color yellow brings the observer s attention to them. In general, most objects of light values in The Annunciation have emphasis due to the

Why the Rich Are Getting Richer and the Poor Poorer Research Paper

Why the Rich Are Getting Richer and the Poor Poorer - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that in the olden days, there were rich and there were poor, in the modern world we see people have different classes like rich and poor. But today the majority of the human race is facing a difficult time. This paper illustrates that the main reason of the difficulty is created by the man himself. Then we must have known what makes the two classes different from each other. Technology, homes, cars, etc are the dependable and viable commodities that are responsible to alter the class of a person. However, today, it is a commonly known fact that it is impossible for the poor to make steps towards changing their class, middle-class people are having difficulty in maintaining their economic position and rich are becoming richer. The present research has identified that most of the middle class is associated with the jobs and some researchers have the view that as the middle and lower level management are becoming less in number, more and more middle-class men are becoming jobless, that is becoming a huge reason of the degradation in the living standard of the middle-class persons. The author has rightly presented that the high-level jobs like assistant directors, assistant managers, etc lost them too. The similar case is with the low-level jobs like production jobs, the wages for such employs in underdeveloped to developed countries now a day is much lower as compared to the decline in the value of money. The production jobs are much valuable for the persons who have to work at extreme low wages when they have no job. In 1960, the low level employs are the member of a union that responsible for maintaining wages for the works but at the end of the year 1989 the union has only 17 percent members from the total production workers. The whole scenario has no or little impact on the large technology distributors and manufacturers, like Sony, Toyota, etc. These factories kept to produce the products according to their plans an d routine. Technology is also responsible for making the people poorer and rich richer, as if we consider a motor industry, during 1970, a Japanese based motor company required a time span of 24 hours to produce a vehicle (car) but now a day it takes not more the eight hours to produce a car by utilizing the robots instead of human workers. The robots replace the human workers and the persons who program and run the robots are quite less and no other person is thus required to performs the work like that of the robot. The economic condition of the middle class family is lowering day by day as the prices for the little luxuries like fuel, cost of food and medicine are rising, although technology is becoming cheaper but the cost of basic necessities are becoming higher. In this case it has become difficult for a middle class person to afford the luxuries without extra effort. According to sociologists unequal distribution of wealth has become a biggest reason of this sustainability. L ike the high level salaries of superstars, musicians, athletics, management payment and the rapid progress of financial sector etc. The taxes which are taken from high earners are very low and they are earning lot of money and paying a very small amount of tax. The departments which have already mentioned above are becoming rich with the passage of time. In the contrast the middle class people, who are doing common jobs, are giving high amount of tax of their salary as compared to the ratio of elite class.

Impact of Technology on Business Communication Essay

Impact of Technology on Business Communication - Essay Example Unless possible clients or customers are conscious of our business, they will not cover the information to get in touch with a company or else to purchase its diverse products. When they are responsive of its business, they should be capable to contact it rather easily (Scott, 2011). This report presents the possible applications of business communications technology. In addition, this report analyzes some of the main aspects regarding the application and establishment of such communication techniques for the enhanced business contact. Business Communication Technology This section presents some of the vital business communication technologies for better business handling and management. Below are some important examples of business communication: Social Networking This technology is currently extensively used in business communication. There are lots of popular social networks those heavily support such business communication like Facebook, LinkedIn and Twitter. ... Shared Digital Workspaces One more new and state-of-the-art business communication technology is the Shared Digital Workspace. These digital workspaces are similar to traditional specialized networks designed for file sharing, where numerous partners are able to get access and perform their functions on a particular project immediately. This permits networks better group teamwork as cooperative aimed at conflicting requirements in some relaxation intended for time and place. This is mainly valuable for companies that deal in different states all over the world. However, this business communication technology requires some proprietary communication application involving higher costs and also demands extensive application personalization for better and effective management of business needs (Nelson, 2010). Telephonic Communication Telephonic communication has turned out to be more and more significant method of business communication for the reason that it is able to connect workers, c olleagues and business experts countrywide as well as internationally. This is very effective medium for instant response along with feedback. However, the costs of telephonic communication are considerably higher, mainly if a business necessitates several worldwide calls (Carter, 2011) and (Fastrak Consulting Ltd, 1998). Verbal Communication Verbal communication is also the traditional business communication method that is used for high and extensive response and feedback. This can be face to face or distant communication among business staff as well as various groups. This technique of business communication is so far an important and well-liked technique all over the world. On the other hand,